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Kinetic isotope effects KIEs inform
2020-12-24
Kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) inform on bond vibrational changes between the ground state (GS) and TS of a chemical reaction and remain one of the most powerful experimental techniques for interrogating TS structure. KIEs on enzyme reactions measured by the internal Erastin of labeled substrates r
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phenethyl For most enolases fluoride acts as
2020-12-24
For most enolases, fluoride acts as an inhibitor, while Mg2+ is the most important metal activator. In yeast systems, metal cations and fluoride bind to enolase at the active center of the enzyme, forming a complex. The complex blocks the binding of substrates to the enzyme in yeast systems, thereb
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Moreover Hypericum perforatum L was
2020-12-24
Moreover, Hypericum perforatum L. was also included in the initial screening, showing only a weak percentage of inhibition on both enzymes. In fact, it was not selected among the most active plants. The phytochemical profiles of these three Hypericum species were already reported to be significantly
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br Conclusion The present study is the
2020-12-24
Conclusion The present study is the first to provide in vivo evidence that the σ1R deficiency can cause age-related increases in aggregation and phosphorylation of αSyn in dopaminergic neurons of SNpc. The σ1R has been reported to be decreased in the Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate region of
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br Coactivator Binding Sets APC C
2020-12-24
Coactivator Binding Sets APC/C Catalytic Core in Motion A coactivator not only recruits substrates to APC/C [18] (Figure 3B), but also stimulates repositioning of the catalytic core 19, 24. High-resolution cryo-EM maps of apo forms of APC/C without a coactivator show the catalytic core and platfo
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Likewise the conserved cysteine in the E protein is
2020-12-24
Likewise, the conserved cysteine in the E2 protein is the only residue shown to be essential for the transfer of Ub/Ubl from E2 to the HECT ligases (Dye and Schulman, 2007, Wu et al., 2003). However, all other terminal Ub/Ubl transfer reactions involving E2 enzymes suggest a critical role for the ta
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Autophagy is a degradation pathway existing in
2020-12-24
Autophagy is a degradation pathway existing in all eukaryotic organisms. It is the main system for the degradation of bulk cytoplasmic components in cells (Feng et al., 2014), but it also plays a crucial role in other processes, as immunity (Wileman, 2013), mitochondrial (Dengjel and Abeliovich, 201
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br Ubiquitination and deubiquitination pathways Ubiquitinati
2020-12-23
Ubiquitination and deubiquitination pathways Ubiquitination is a part of the post-translational modification (PTM) process. Ubiquitination affects proteins in various ways, but its main functions are to signal protein degradation via the 26S proteasome, modify cellular location of proteins, affec
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Ubiquitination is a covalent attachment
2020-12-23
Ubiquitination is a covalent attachment of 76 amino betaxolol sale ubiquitin molecules to target proteins, either as single moieties (mono-ubiquitination) or as poly-ubiquitin chains of different structures, formed through isopeptide bonds between specific lysines of one ubiquitin residue (for exam
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br DUBs in regulation of critical steps
2020-12-23
DUBs in regulation of critical steps in tumor metastasis Tumor metastasis comprises a complicated series of biological processes in terms of the invasion-metastasis cascade that requires cancer WZ4003 to (1) migrate and invade from the origin sites through the extracellular matrix (ECM) to the s
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br Methods br Results br Discussion Preclinical data indicat
2020-12-23
Methods Results Discussion Preclinical data indicate that nepicastat modulates sympathetic drive to the chlorpromazine hydrochloride synthesis with a mild pressor effect in various animal models of hypertension (Stanney et al., 1998). However in this clinical study, the doses of nepicastat
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The potential impact of multiple
2020-12-23
The potential impact of multiple washings on DNA retention in semen stains had not previously been addressed. In the present study, multiple washes of semen-stained cotton cloth produced only a minimal loss of recovered DNA suggesting that multiple washes may not materially affect DNA recovery (Fig.
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The Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus
2020-12-23
The Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is an important farmed fish with an XX/XY sex-determining system. The availability of the whole genome sequence of tilapia and tissue transcriptomes (Brawand et al., 2014), together with its gonadal transcriptomes at different developmental stages (Tao et al.
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The archaea are a group of microorganisms and
2020-12-23
The archaea are a group of microorganisms, and many belong to extremophiles, living in extreme environments, such as those with high temperatures [6], [7]. Methanocaldococcus jannaschii is a methane-producing archaea [8]. It grows at pressures of up to more than 200atm and at an optimum temperature
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br Conclusions The PQQ dependent CcPDH is the first PQQ
2020-12-23
Conclusions The PQQ-dependent CcPDH is the first PQQ-dependent enzyme identified in eukaryotes. The PQQ cofactor binds the enzyme with high affinity, reflected in a Kd of 1.1 nM, and the enzyme oxidizes 2KG, l-fucose, and rare sugars such as d-arabinose and l-galactose. The AA8 cytochrome b domai
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